Banded Mail is a layered armor with padding, light chain, and series of overlapping bands of armor in vulnerable areas.
    AC 4
    9"
    35#+

AC 4
MOVE 9"

Weight is somewhat distributed.
BANDED MAIL is horizontal strips of articulated armor plates worn over a suit of chain mail.

BULK:
WEIGHT:
BASE MOVEMENT:
COST: 90 g.p.

PP: -50
OL: -20
FRT: -20
MS: -60
HS: -50
HN: -30
CW: -90 (WSG: -20, a character in anything heavier than chain cannot climb any severe slope || cliff)

Effects of Armor on Thief Functions
 
Thief Function Scale or 
Banded
Pick Pockets -50
Open Locks -20
Find/Remove Traps -20
Move Silently -60
Hide in Shadows2 -50
Hear Noise -30
Climb Walls -90

        General note: No dexterity bonuses apply to thief functions (though penalties do) when wearing armor other than simple leather.
        2: Assumes that armor worn is covered by another garment. Elfin chain mail is light and thin, and can be worn under normal clothing. All
            other types of armor except simple leather are stiff and/or bulky, and can only be covered by a full body cloak.
            <note: this contradicts what is written in "Dressing for the Weather", in the WSG>

TW:
PV:
HJ:
BJR:
BJS:
TA:
TE:
TF:
PT, <0: +x
PT, 0-30: +x
PT, 31-75: +x
PT, 76+: +x
PUMMEL DAMAGE: -x% (protection)
GRAPPLE 'AC': +x% (penalty)
GRAPPLE DAMAGE: -x% (protection)
 
 
TYPES OF ARMOR & ENCUMBRANCE
-
DEXTERITY ARMOR CLASS BONUS
-
WEAPON TYPES, "TO HIT" ADJUSTMENT NOTE
-
-
-
-
DMG

THE FORUM
 

I am writing in protest of the use of banded
mail in the AD&D® game. Banded mail is a type
of armor known only in illustrations of the 12th
and 13th centuries. These illustrations reveal
alternate rows of linked solid disks, which is
manifestly impossible. Many people have tried
to explain banded mail, but all these explanations
have a serious problem.

One explanation suggests the armor was made
with rings sewn on linen in overlapping rows. It
was then covered on both sides with strips of
leather with the stitching passing between the
rows of rings. The lower edges of the leather
would be turned up and would cover the upper
edges of the strips beneath. This would increase
the thickness of the leather between the rings
sixfold.

Another explanation is that banded mail is
simply normal chain mail with leather thongs
drawn through the links. Oriental mail that is
very similar to this explanation is in existence,
and has considerable resemblance to some of
the illustrations mentioned in the opening
paragraph.

The serious problem with these explanations
is that all of the construction methods that have
been proposed make for very stiff armor, and in
the old illustrations this fact tends to be shown
most widely in the areas that need the most
flexibility (e.g., elbows, neck, and knees). As a
matter of fact, no suit of mail looking like that in
the pictures has ever been found. It is most
likely that the different methods of picturing
mail all represent the same thing and were used
to prevent monotony.

What does this mean in game terms? That is a
matter of opinion. In my campaign, I have
banished banded armor completely. My players
must be content with having their characters
look at pictures of banded mail in books and
drawings. If banded armor is to be kept in any
campaign, the 9" move base stated on page 27
of the DMG is ridiculous. It should be changed
to 6" at the very fastest. The weight, however,
does not need to be changed.

Alan Ristow
Saline MI
(Dragon #123)
 

I am writing in response to Mr. Ristow's protest
against banded mail in issue #123. I know
something of armor, being the proud owner of a
set of homemade chain mail, and the description
given by Mr. Ristow would indeed be both
difficult to manufacture and uncomfortably stiff
to wear. However, the description in the DMG,
page 27, of both banded and splint mail
presents a more feasible approach. While it
does not specify what the bands of armor on
banded mail are, I am assuming that plate is
meant. Although this would still be difficult to
construct without the aid of a blacksmith and
forge (as are all armors that are more protective
than chain mail), it would not be nearly as
difficult to wear. This type of armor would
probably be less constricting than splint mail
which, according to the portrayal in the DMG,
would restrict waist movement in a manner
akin to wearing a barrel (metal breastplates
share this disadvantage). I share Mr. Ristow?s
desire to hear from others more knowledgeable
of armor, especially of true descriptions of
medieval armors.

J.R. Porter
Yongsan, Korea
(Dragon #126)
 

I just read the letter by Alan Ristow in the
Forum (issue #123) concerning banded mail. He
is right - ?banded mail? never existed. The
12th- and 13th-century illustrators of manuscripts
who found themselves filling in row
after row of tiny circles to represent warriors?
ring mail resorted to drawing only a fragment
of a fighting man?s cuirass with a representation
of ring mail, and then filling in the rest of the
illustration with what appeared to be a different
type of armor entirely - ?banded mail!? Sometimes,
they did half the work, accurately portraying
ring mail on one line and alternating
that with a simpler line of ?mail? which didn?t
have individual rings or circles - just shading,
which was quicker to draw.

The cover of issue #97, "Music Lover," has a
fantastic painting of a dragon. The commentary
on the painting by the artist, Robin Wood,
includes her apology for her lateness in delivering
the painting to TSR, Inc., with words to the
effect that ?there were all these scales, see.?
Once it came time to do the detail work and
actually draw each individual scale on the
dragon, Miss Wood had the same labor before
her as the medieval illustrators did. Being less
industrious than the esteemed Miss Wood, they
took shortcuts rather than portraying ring mail
realistically.

By the time historical research had reached a
professional level in the 19th century, it had
been a long time since anyone had actually
worked with or used armor; wholly apocryphal
armor types were invented by historians poring
over the old manuscripts, trying to identify
what they saw. Hence came ?banded mail.? Only
late in this century did historians think they had
the truth. A piece of banded mail had never
been found or unearthed. The ?lazy-illustratorand-
credulous-historian? explanation for the
controversy of banded mail is found in Sean
Morrison?s Armor (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell
Company, 1963), a ?juvenile? book I?d recommend
as an excellent introduction to armor.
Other types of armor which never existed are
found in older books on the subject. These
include ?mascled,? ?rustred,? and ?trellised?
armor, and also ?chain mail:? though this last
term suffices when used to mean a ring mail
byrnie or shirt, which is an unbroken sheet of
interlocking rings (versus a cuirass of rings)
stapled to a leather base. This is what the term
?ring mail? means in D&D game terms.

In summary, ?banded mail? never existed and
should be abandoned from a campaign for this
reason. Doubtlessly, E. Gary Gygax got his
original information from one of the older
authorities on medieval armor. My campaign
hasn?t had banded mail in years. Ring mail and
chain mail are historically viable.

As a postscript, old ads for FGU?s CHIVALRY &
SORCERY game included a drawing of a knight
with his armor?s pieces each identified, including
something called a ?tace.? Wrongo. Morrison
insists that there was never such a piece of
armor. (These have been incorrectly deduced
from ?tassets,? which did exist.) Morrison?s book
is really quite good for that.

Jay Kaufman
Moorhead MN
(Dragon #126)
 

I am writing in response to Alan Ristow?s
letter printed in issue #123. In Mr. Ristow?s
letter, he spoke out against the use of banded
mail on the pretense that it had never existed in
history, except as a different representation of
the same armor. This letter prompted me to do
a little research of my own.

In the information I uncovered, banded mail
as an armor type was never mentioned. However,
certain descriptions of unnamed armor
resembled the explanations given in Mr. Ristow?s
letter. Unfortunately, the problem of stiff and
bulky armor still stands in all descriptions given.

This evidence does not mean that banded mail
should be banished from the game, although I
agree that it is a matter of opinion. The description
in the DMG may still be used, but it needs
some clarification.

Banded mail is described as layers of padding,
light chain, and a ?series of overlapping bands
of armor in vulnerable areas.? What kind of
armor are we talking about? One might think of
metal bands, but leather must be used or banded
mail would then become as protective as
plate mail. So, banded mail may be defined as a
base layer of padding, topped by light chain,
which is reinforced by a cuirass of horizontal,
?clinker-built? (partially overlapping) bands of
hardened leather. Legs and arms would be
protected by greaves and knee guards strapped
over the light chain.

This configuration would allow banded mail
to keep the superior movement rate over splint
mail (9? as opposed to 6?) because the horizontal
bands would allow more forward movement
than the vertical bands of splint mail (a man
must lean forward to run). In addition, the
vertical bands mentioned with splint mail would
also have to be hardened leather instead of the
?pieces of plate? as stated in the DMG.

Whether or not you allow banded mail in
your campaign is up to you; it is really just a
matter of whether or not you, as DM, prefer a
historically accurate campaign. My purpose in
writing this letter is to show how banded mail is
possible. In any case, enjoy the game.

Anthony Speca
Kingwood TX
(Dragon #126)
 

I am writing to comment on Alan Ristow's
letter on banded mail in DRAGON® issue #123.
He is correct in saying that the type of armor
known in textbooks as ?banded mail? did not
exist and is infeasible. However, the armor
mentioned in the AD&D® game, particularly the
description of it in the DMG is not ?banded
mail.? The AD&D game books mistakenly apply
the term ?mail? to nearly all types of armor,
when it should in fact be only used for chain
mail and ring mail. A better nomenclature might
be to replace the word ?mail? in the names with
?armor? with the exception of ?plate mail?
which should perhaps be called ?plate and mail?
or ?transition armor? (as it was transitional
between mail and plate). The banded armor
described in the DMG seems to resemble the
Roman Lorica Segmentata, worn over light mail
and padding. Such armor, with most of its bulk
and protection concentrated on the torso and
little on the legs (unlike some others which have
greaves and other encumbrances), would probably
slow down the wearer no more than chain
mail. It should therefore retain the movement
base of 9? and perhaps be reclassified as ?fairly
bulky? due to the fact that it would allow relatively
free movement of the limbs.

On the subject of armor, I would like to bring
up the armor used by the svirfnebli (as described
in the FIEND FOLIO® tome), which does
not seem to fit the system of armor previously
defined, and might be an interesting addition. It
is described as a leather jack (sleeveless tunic)
sewn with mithral-steel rings, worn over fine
chain mail. Previous rules have not covered the
wearing of two types of armor together, but
could surely be extended to cover this. The
armor-class decrease caused by wearing the
mithral-ring jack in addition to chain mail can
be derived by comparing the standard armor
classes of chain mail armor (AC 5), ring/studded
armor and shield (AC 6), svirfnebli (AC 2 wearing
chain mail and jack), and surface gnomes
(AC 5 wearing ring/studded and shield). It can
be seen that the effect of a mithral-ring jack
would be +2 (assuming surface and deep
gnomes have the same bonus to armor class due
to size, dexterity, etc.). Of course, the jack could
be worn on its own or could be made of rings of
different metals.

I suggest the following system: The jack
should have a base armor class of 8 (if worn on
its own) or +1 (if worn with chain mail) if it is
made of meteoritic iron (the lowest quality
metal possible to make rings of the required
quality). If the rings are made from mithral
steel, there would be an additional bonus of +1;
if adamantite steel is used, the bonus is +2. The
jack would have an encumbrance of 10 lbs., be
nonbulky, and be worn only over ordinary or
elfin chain mail. It could be worn by thieves, but
at the same penalty as elfin chain mail (or as
studded, if worn with elfin chain).

Timothy Makinson
Dunedin, New Zealand
(Dragon #131)

 

I am writing in defense of banded mail armor
which was undeservedly slighted in DRAGON
issue #123's "Forum." I strongly disagree with
Mr. Ristow?s opinions on the matter, and, yes,
Mr. Ristow, I am quite knowledgeable of armor
types, uses, designs, etc.

In his letter, Mr. Ristow states: ?Banded mail is
a type of armor known only in illustrations. . . ."
Might I point out that the AD&D game is a game
of fantasy, not fact, as that letter makes it out to
be. Case in point: Dragons were also found only
in drawings, paintings, and stories. This can be
said of all fantasy-type monsters in books.

Mr. Ristow also states: ?In my campaign, I
have banished banded mail. . . . My players
must be content with . . . banded mail in pictures
and drawings." As a DM, this tells me that
you are not playing the AD&D game, but only
trying to copy history (as evidenced by your
letter). But Gary Gygax said it best in the Players
Handbook (p. 7): "ADVANCED DUNGEONS &
DRAGONS is a fantasy game of role playing
which relies on the imagination of participants,
for it is certainly make-believe."

There is one thing on which I do agree with

Mr. Ristow: the fact that banded mail armor
does not exist in the real world. Still, there is no
reason for it not to exist in a fantasy game such
as the AD&D game.

Daryl Short
Riverside CA
(Dragon #131)

 

In reference to Alan Ristow's letter in issue
#123 and the letters by J.R. Porter, Jay Kaufman,
and Anthony Speca in issue #126: Banded
armor most certainly did exist. The Romans
called it lorica segmentata and it was the standard
armor of the Roman legionnaire.

It consisted of pairs of front and back plates
covering the upper part of the chest and back,
while the trunk was protected by six or seven
overlapping metal strips hinged at the back and
fastened at the front with hooks laced together.
They were arranged so as to give complete
freedom of movement and were held together
with leather strips or riveted to a leather jerkin,
so that each strip had independent movement.
Over this was a pair of shoulder-pieces, each
with five or six strips carefully shaped and
buckled on to the plates or strips.

Other examples include an ancient Japanese
armor, tanko, from around the 4th to 7th centuries
A.D., the Yoke-hagi-do and the Hishinui-do,
both 16th-century Japanese cuirasses.

Finally, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art,
New York, there is a complete set of 15thcentury
Turkish armor. The cuirass is of banded
armor, with a steel helmet, lamellar skirts,
banded vambraces, plate greaves and kneecaps,
and mail elsewhere.

I notice that many people tend to consider (or
discuss) only medieval European technology and
society when discussing armor, weapons, armies,
mythology or whatever. Note that none of
the banded armors discussed are of medieval
European origin; I believe that may have contributed
to their being overlooked. As has been
pointed out, the AD&D game is a fantasy world
and does not need to reflect historical reality.
The existence of magic means that an AD&D
game society won?t look quite like any premodern
culture, but I find that borrowing some
historical detail adds to the flavor of the game.
However, gamers are limiting themselves if they
draw only from medieval European history. In
some of our campaigns, we have taken elements
from the cultures of Imperial Rome, ancient
Egypt, the Islamic Caliphate, and ancient Persia;
a campaign that we are developing has elements
drawn from Minoan Crete, Mycenaean Greece,
Celtic Europe, pre-Columbian America, and
ancient China.

Steve & Cynthia Higginbotham
Columbus MS
(Dragon #132)